Frame StructuresAframestructureisanetworkoftiesandstruts joinedtogether.Tiesresisttensionandstrutsresist compression. Examples of frame structures include
Systems and ControlAsystemhasvariouspartsthatwork togethertoperformasetfunction.Systems canbebrokendownintothesesimple stages: Theinputisasignal,changeinthe environment,componentorprocessthat startsthesystemoff.E.g.thedoughfedinto abreadmachineorabuttononaphone beingpressed.Theprocessiswhathappens totheinputtochangeitintoanoutput. Informationfromtheinputcontrolsthe output.E.g.theskillsandlabourofthe workersinafactoryortheworkingofa computerprocessor.Theoutputisthe resultofthesystem.E.g.thefinalproduct onaproductionlineorthesoundofafire alarm.
Mechanical SystemsThey are used to change the type or size of a motion and force. What kinds of motion?
Types of MechanismsOneofthemostcommonmechanismistheLever. Therearethreetypesofleversandanexampleofa firstclassleveristheSeeSawthatyouwouldoften see at a child’s playground.
OthermechanismsareGears,PulleysandCams.In mostoftheitemsthatweseearoundtheworld thathavesomekindofmovementwillhaveoneor some of these mechanisms.
Pulley systems:
A Pulley system is used on the Buggy project and each pully is linked by the use of an Elastic Band.
Mechanisms - PulleyPulleyscanbeusedtohelpliftobjectsthatarequiteheavy,tooheavyforapersontoliftontheirown.By usingthepulleysillustratedausercanpulldownandliftanobjectupwards.Byincreasingthenumberof pulley wheels the effort required to lift an object is less.
Combined Systems - Cranes are systems that lift and move heavy loads. They use pulleys to lift the load. The top part of the crane rotates — this is done using gears. The arm of the crane is a lever — the load is balanced with a concrete block.
Isometric Drawing
EvaluationWhenevaluatingapraticalthefollowingneedsto be considered1)Describingwhatwentwell.Therearemany aspectstoyourpracticalandallthosethatyoudid wellatshouldbementionedanddescribedin detail.2)Therearesomeaspectsthatyoufounddifficult andthesetomustbethoughtaboutsothatnext timeyoucanlooktodobetterthanwhatyou achieved this time around.3)Practicalworkinvolvesmanytechniquesand skillsthatwillbeusedagainsoitsimportanttonote them.4)TheseTechniquesandSkillscanbehardto mastersosometimestheyneedtobepracticedso that better outcomes are achieved.
5)Oncethepracticaliscompleteditsimportantto lookatitagainandthinkabouthowitcouldhave been done better. 6)TheTeacherwilloftenmakesuggestionsand theseneedtobenotedastheywillhelpyoutoget better and achieve better outcomes.
Product AnalysisProductanalysisistheprocessoflookingverycarefully ataproducttolearnhowitismade,whatitismade fromandhowitisused.UndertakeaProductAnalysisof the following images. Click the images to enlarge them.
Questions:1) Name the three parts of the pencil sharpeners in Photo. 1.2) What is the blade made of?3) State how the blade is fixed in place.4) Explain how the blade is prevented from moving.5) Explain why there are two blades in the pencil sharpeners.6) The pencil sharpeners in Photos 1 & 2 have sloping tops. Explain why.7) The pencil sharpener in Photo 3 has concave sides. Explain why.8) Describe the shape of the hole in pencil sharpeners.9) Explain why some of the corners on the wooden pencil sharpener are rounded off.10) The pencil sharpeners in Photos 6 - 9 have transparent shaving holders. Explain why.
Polymorph MaterialPolymorphisathermoplastic (smart)materialthatcanbe shapedandreshapedany numberoftimes.itisnormally supplied as granules that look
Other Thermoforming ProcessesWhen you heat thermoplastics, they become soft and pliable. You can make loads of shapes out of plastic using thermoforming processes.
VacuumFormingAvacuumformingmachineheatsaplasticsheetuntilit’ssoftandthencreatesa vacuumunderneathit(thismeanstheairpressureisremoved).Airpressureontopoftheplasticthen pushes it down over the mould.
Polymorph Project
likesmallplasticbeads.Intheclassroomitcanbe heatedinhotwaterandwhenitreaches62degrees centigradethegranulesformamassof‘clear’ material.Whenremovedfromthehotwateritcanbe shapedintoalmostanyformandoncoolingit becomes as solid as a material such as nylon.Press Moulding PolymorphTheThermoplasticmaterialisputintoamould.A formerispressedontoitandpushestheplasticinto themould.Whilepliableat62degreesandpressure appliedthePolymorphplasticissetintoadesigned shape.
electricitypylonsandhousesbuiltaroundasteelor woodenframe.Oftentheframeismadeupof triangularshapes,becausethey’restrong.Using triangle shapes in a structure is called triangulation.
InjectionmouldingHot,softplasticissquirtedintoamould.Whentheplasticcoolsitsetsandcanbe taken out of the mould.BlowMouldingAsheetofplasticisheateduntilsoftandplacedunderamould.Airisblownunderit, forcing the plastic up into the mould. This process is used to make bottles and containers.
Polymorph Handles Choose your item that you wish to make a Polymorph Handle for
Design SpecificationOnce you’ve got your thought of what is to be made, you need to to draw up a list of features (design criteria) the product you’re designing should have. This list is called a design specification.Here’s an example of a design specification for Scissors:Function — The product should be able to cut paper. Cost — The Scissors should cost no more than £4 to make. Aesthetics — The product should have a soft texture, so it’s comfortable to use. Manufacture — The product should be easy to manufacture. Take no more than 2 hours to make. The Environment — Care must be taken that the materials used are environmentally friendly. Health and Safety — The product should have a safe cutting edge. Safe for children.
EvaluationWhenevaluatingapraticalthefollowingneedsto be considered1)Describingwhatwentwell.Therearemany aspectstoyourpracticalandallthosethatyoudid wellatshouldbementionedanddescribedin detail.2)Therearesomeaspectsthatyoufounddifficult andthesetomustbethoughtaboutsothatnext timeyoucanlooktodobetterthanwhatyou achieved this time around.3)Practicalworkinvolvesmanytechniquesand skillsthatwillbeusedagainsoitsimportanttonote them
4)TheseTechniquesandSkillscanbehardto mastersosometimestheyneedtobepracticedso that better outcomes are achieved.5)Oncethepracticaliscompleteditsimportantto lookatitagainandthinkabouthowitcouldhave been done better. 6)TheTeacherwilloftenmakesuggestionsand theseneedtobenotedastheywillhelpyoutoget better and achieve better outcomes.
Electronics1) Conductors and Insulators2) Voltage, Current and Resistance3) Components4) Circuit Conductorsisamaterialthatbasicallyallows Electricitytopassthroughit.Metalsareconductors, Waterisaconductorandsoareyou.Thatisthe reasonwhyyoucanbeelectrocuted.Conductors haveaverylowresistancetotheflowofElectricity when compared to an Insulator.InsulatorsarematerialsthatdonotallowElectricity topassthroughit.PlasticsareverygoodInsulators, alsoCeramicsandRubber.Insulatorshaveavery high resistance to the flow of Electricity.
VoltageisthePressurepushingElectronsthrougha conductor.VoltageismeasuredinVolts.Currentis themovementofElectronsandismeasuredin Amperes.Acurrentof1Amperepassingthrougha conductorin1secondisroughlyequivalentto6.2 million,million,millionElectronspassingthrough. Thatisalot!!Soifyouweretotouchthatwirethen thatnumberofElectronscouldbegoingthrough you.ScareythoughtespeciallyiftheVoltage pushingtheElectronswas240volts.Thatwould cause Death!!Resistanceistheoppositiontotheflowof Electricity.Allmaterialshaveresistance,eventhe bestconductorssuchasCopperandGold.THis resistance is measured in Ohms.
Methods of DrawingSketching an idea is drawn freehand in any way that suits the idea you have. For Drawing, an idea is drawn using drawing methods such as Oblique and Isometric. These are 3D methods and allow us to see three sides of an object. See below the example of 2D and 3D
Recap
Isometric DrawingAnother method of drawing in 3D is Isometric and shows each side shown equally. Each side shown is displayed at an angle of 30 degrees from the horizontal. see below
Lesson 4 - Recap of work done and have a go at drawing a phone freehand in isometric.
Homework - Now use 2D Design to draw the same phone
Click on the link abaove to download ‘Techsoft 2D Design version 3’ onto your computer. Then use the following Activation Key: This will allow you to use the software for this Year (2020-21).
1020 FAYH HWWS GWM8 ZGDP
Lesson 5 - On 2D Design practice the more advance features of Isometric Drawing and then have a go at drawing a house in Isometric
Homework - On paper now and complete for HW the more advance features of Isometric Drawing by drawing the house in Isometric by hand
Click icon left to download Prodexktop on your computer. Click the phone shown below to download a predesigned Circuit.The parts shown below are what is required to be designed using Prodesktop.
Designing the ‘Speaker Box’ with Amplifier
Curving the sides and assemblying Speaker
ProDesktop Car Challenge
for Year 9Prizes for the best car design
To do at Home, please download Prodesktop from the following website address.www.mvctech.co.uk/software/setup2.zipOnce downloaded, double click and ‘Extract all’ files to a selected DestinationThen double click ‘PTC ProDESKTOP 2000i2’ to install
Technology computer room will be available Monday, Tuesday and Friday lunchtime for those who wish to do in School. Entries to the competition must be given as a name.des file (Prodesktop File) emailed as an attachment to sreynolds@melbournvc.org
Closing date: 14th December 2020
Read through safety rules and then draw a safety poster
Single Point Perspective
In 1 point perspective drawing, depth is added to a drawing by taking lines to a single vanishing point. We normally draw a crate first that represents the height, length and width of the object that we want to draw. Extra lines are then drawn inside the crate until the shape of our object is drawn feintly.
The outine of the object is then drawn darker over the feint construction lines. The construction lines may be rubbed out using an eraser or if they are very feint, they may be left. Finally the drawing may be rendered by adding light, shade and colour
Two Point PerspectiveTwo point perspective drawing is the most difficult method that we normally use to illustrate products. If done well, it is also the most realistic. In two point perspective drawing, we imagine two vanishing points. The two top corners of the page may be used for most purposes. All the lines that are drawn towards the left are drawn to the left vanishing point. All the lines that are drawn towards the right are drawn to the right vanishing point. Vertical lines stay vertical..
1) The blade is made from Plastic2) The blade is made from Brass3) The blade is made from Steel4) The blade is made from High Carbon Steel5) The blade is made from Bronze6) The blade is made from Tin
1) The shape of the hole is cylindrical2) The shape of the hole is Conical